> Productie van handschriften / Production of manuscripts
> Schriftdrager / Schreibstoff / Support d'écriture / Writing material

Artikelen / Articles / Artikel

2019 Zhang
S. Zhang, "The Lab Discovering DNA in Old Books", The Atlantic, ___ (2019 feb 19 + 24) ____ pp.___-___
https://www.msn.com/en-xl/asia/tech-science/the-lab-discovering-dna-in-old-books/ar-BBU2JhZ?srcref=rss
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/02/dna-books-artifacts/582814/

2015 Skin
[?], "Skin deep: researchers solve mystery of parchment origins", Technology.org, 2015 dec 07 (Source: University of Virginia)
https://www.technology.org/2015/12/07/skin-deep-researchers-solve-mystery-of-parchment-origins/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+TechnologyOrg+%28Technology+Org+-+All+News%29

2015 Garner-York
D. Garner-York, "How Early Pocket Bibles Got Such Thin Pages", Futurity, 2015 nov 24
https://www.futurity.org/skin-vellum-pocket-bibles-1055602-2/

2015 Pearson
G. Pearson, "New technique unlocks the mystery meats used to make ‘uterine vellum’ for ancient books" (Science), The Washington Post, ___ (2015 nov 23) ____ p.____
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2015/11/23/new-technique-unlocks-the-mystery-meats-used-to-make-uterine-vellum-for-ancient-books/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.509e00ef9304

2015 Radford
T. Radford, "Scientists finally get under the skin of a 13th-century publishing mystery: The ultra-thin ‘uterine’ vellum of medieval books has puzzled scientists for years. Is it really made of foetal tissue? Scientists have found the truth at last" (Archaeology),
The Guardian, ___ (2015 nov 23) ____ p.____ (Last modified 22 Feb 2018)
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/nov/23/scientists-get-under-skin-13th-century-mystery-vellum-vulgate-bible

2015 Fiddyment, Holsinger, Ruzzier
S. Fiddyment, B. Holsinger, C. Ruzzier, e.a.,
"Animal origin of 13th-century uterine vellum revealed using noninvasive peptide fingerprinting",
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), 12 (2015 dec 08) 49 pp.15066-15071 (first published 2015 nov 23)
https://www.pnas.org/content/112/49/15066

Artikelen in encyclopedia / Articles in encyclopedias

Català
Pergamí Viquipèdia: l'enciclopèdia lliure https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergam%C3%AD
Vitel·la Viquipèdia: l'enciclopèdia lliure https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitel%C2%B7la

Dansk
Pergament Wikipedia: den frie encyklopædi https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergament
Velin Wikipedia: den frie encyklopædi https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velin

Deutsch
Pergament Wikipedia: die freie Enzyklopädie https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergament
Vellum Wikipedia: die freie Enzyklopädie https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellum

English
Parchment Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parchment
Parchment Simple English Wikipedia https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parchment
Parchment (writing material) Encyclopædia Britannica https://www.britannica.com/topic/parchment
Vellum Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellum
Vellum (writing material) Encyclopædia Britannica https://www.britannica.com/topic/vellum

Español
Pergamino Wikipedia: la enciclopedia libre https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamino
Vitela Wikipedia: la enciclopedia libre https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitela

Français
Parchemin Wikipédia: l'encyclopédie libre https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parchemin
Vélin Wikipédia: l'encyclopédie libre https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9lin

Frysk
Perkamint Wikipedy: de frije ensyklopedy https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkamint

Italiano
Pergamena Wikipedia: l'enciclopedia libera https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamena
Vellum Wikipedia: l'enciclopedia libera https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellum

Latina
Membrana (ars scribendi) Vicipædia: libera encyclopaedia https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrana_(ars_scribendi)

Nederlands
abortief perkament Algemeen letterkundig lexicon https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/dela012alge01_01/dela012alge01_01_00095.php
Perkament Wikipedia: de vrije encyclopedie https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkament
perkament Algemeen letterkundig lexicon https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/dela012alge01_01/dela012alge01_01_01547.php
Vellum Wikipedia: de vrije encyclopedie https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellum
vellum Algemeen letterkundig lexicon https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/dela012alge01_01/dela012alge01_01_02179.php

Norsk
Pergament Wikipedia: den frie encyklopedi https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergament
Vellum Wikipedia: den frie encyklopedi https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellum

Português
Papel velino Wikipédia: a enciclopédie livre https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papel_velino
Pergaminho Wikipédia: a enciclopédie livre https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergaminho

Svenska
Pergament Wikipedia: den fria encyklopedin https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergament
Veläng Wikipedia: den fria encyklopedin https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%C3%A4ng

Boeken / Books / Bücher / Livres

2008 Mooyer
T. Mooyer, Inleiding cursus paleografie,
[Alkmaar], Regionaal Archief Alkmaar + [Purmerend, Waterlands Archief], [circa 2008] (44 pp.) pp.4-5
https://www.regionaalarchiefalkmaar.nl/images/Documenten/Cursusboek-paleografie.pdf

2007 R. Clemens, T. Graham, Introduction to Manuscript Studies, pp.7a**9-10, 9-12a*13, 12b-13 (holes in pages)

2007 Larsen
R. Larsen (ed.), Improved damage assessment of parchment: IDAP: assessment, data collection and sharing of knowledge (Research report, 18),
Luxembourg, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2007 (120 pp., 30 cm, ISBN 978.92.79.05378.8)

2002 Larsen
R. Larsen (ed.), Microanalysis of parchment,
London, Archetype, 2002 (XX + 180 pp., 30 cm, ISBN 1.87313.268.9)

2001 Fuchs, Meinert, Schrempf
R. Fuchs, C. Meinert, J. Schrempf, Pergament: Geschichte, Material, Konservierung, Restaurierung (Kölner Beiträge zur Restaurierung und Konservierung von Kunst- und Kulturgut, 12),
München, Siegl, 2001 (226 pp., 23 cm, ISBN 3.935643.00.4)

2000 Ralston
N.L. Ralston, Parchment/vellum conservation survey and bibliography: reference,
Edinburgh, Historic Scotland, Technical Conservation, Research and Education Division, 2000 (VIII + 40 pp., 30 cm, ISBN 1.900168.90.1)

1995 Fournier, e.a.
S. Fournier, J.-P. Nicolini, A.-M. Nicolini, L. Stefanon, Brève histoire du parchemin et de l'enluminure: guide, aide-memoire (Collection brève histoire),
Gavaudun, Fragile, 1995 (20 pp., 29 cm, ISBN 2.910685.08 X)

1991 Rück
P. Rück, Pergament: Geschichte, Struktur, Restaurierung, Herstellung (Historische Hilfswissenschaften, 2),
Sigmaringen, Thorbecke, 1991 (480 pp., 31 cm, ISBN 3.7995.4202.7)

1979 B. Bischoff, Paläographie des römischen Altertums und des abendländischen Mittelalters (1990 pp.8*11, 9**12-15, 10**16-18, 10**19-22 (purple parchment), 11*23 (purple parchment), 11*24 (black parchment), 17 (purple parchment); 2009 pp.23*11, 24**12-15, 25**16-18, 25**19-22 (Purpurpergament), 26*23 ( (Purpurpergament), 26*24 (schwarzes Pergament), 33-34 (Purpurpergament))

1975-1976 Reed
R. Reed, The nature and making of parchment,
Leeds, Elmete Press, 1975 (96 pp., 29 cm, ISBN 0.9503367.1.8 + ISBN 0.9503367.2.6, + supplement: Specimens of parchment, Los Angelos, Dawson, 1976)

1972 Reed
R. Reed, Ancient skins, parchments and leathers (Studies in archaeological science),
London + New York, Seminar Press, 1972 (IX + 331 pp., 24 cm, ISBN 0.12.903550.5)

1708 De Montfaucon, Comnenus
B. de Montfaucon (1655-1741), I. Comnenus, Palæographia Græca, sive De ortu et progressu literarum Græcarum, et de variis omnium sæculorum scriptionis Græcæ generibus: itemque de abbreviationibus & de notis variarum artium ac disciplinarum [...] Additis figuris et schematibus ad fidem manuscriptorum codicum,
Parisiis, Ludovicum Guerin, 1708, pp.16-17
https://books.google.nl/books?id=zAtdAAAAcAAJ

Video deutsch

2018 Knauber, Würdemann, Kluge
K. Knauber, R. Würdemann, M. Kluge,
“Vom Schaf zum Buch”: Ein experimenteller Workshop zur Pergamentherstellung im Mittelalter - “Materiale Textkulturen” erfahren (Universität Heidelberg), 2018 jan 24
https://youtu.be/rHgkYeajzpw?t=32s (video 0:32-3:23)

Video English

2016 (2021) Identification of parchment
ZooMS: Species identification of parchment using peptide mass finger printing, Archaeology, University of York, 2021 jan 7
https://youtu.be/_4BduV5C_aU (video 5:15)


2020 Secret
The Secret History of Writing: Parchment, BBC Four, 2020 okt 17
https://youtu.be/TyfIS9b77A8?t=4296 (video 1:11:36-1:26:24 )


2018 Lovett
P. Lovett, Making Manuscripts: Vellum, What material did scribes use instead of paper for the pages in their books? Patricia Lovett discusses how animal skins were selected and prepared for use in medieval manuscripts, The British Library, 2018 nov 22
https://youtu.be/aEPpURAIsW4 (video 2:08)


2016 Sánchez-Prieto
A.B. Sánchez-Prieto, Writing Materials and Book Formats 3. Parchment (Deciphering Secrets: The Illuminated Manuscripts of Medieval Europe), 2016 mrt 19
https://youtu.be/tUaVvmgidO0 (video 11:53)

www.academia.edu/23463510/Writing_materials_3._Parchment (PDF)

2016 UK laws
UK laws are traditionally written on animal skin, but they could be switching to paper, On Demand News, 2016 feb 17
https://youtu.be/fpDzQruql_k (video 1:12)


2013 Craft
Craft Skills Awards Highly Commended: William Cowley Parchment Works, 2013 okt 03
https://youtu.be/cX-sEx83afg (video 2:06)


2010 How
How parchment is made (Domesday), BBC Two, 2010 aug 02
https://youtu.be/2-SpLPFaRd0 (video 4:03)


1939 Making
Making Parchment (The Very Idea), British Pathé, 1939 (2014 apr 13)
https://youtu.be/XqYZwEdnfYI (video 1:58)

Video español

2016 Sánchez-Prieto
A.B. Sánchez-Prieto, Formas y materiales: Pergamino (Descifrando los secretos de los manuscritos iluminados medievales), 2016 jan 07
https://youtu.be/_tqBbl_Xjws (video, 12:04)